PAC Database - Detailed Chemical Data
Chemical Identity
| Chemical | CAS# | UN# | Health Code Numbers | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abrin | 1393-62-0 |
4.06
4.07
11.00
|
||||||||||
| Formula | Synonyms | |||||||||||
| Unspecified | ||||||||||||
Physical Properties
| Mol Wt | State | MP (°C) | BP (°C) | VP (Hg) | VP (°C) | SG | LEL (ppm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | S |
PAC Values
| PAC-1 | PAC-2 | PAC-3 |
|---|---|---|
| 0.0000011 | 0.000012 | 0.000070 |
| PAC-1 | PAC-2 | PAC-3 |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
Technical Basis
Abrin is a highly lethal biotoxin that does not have exposure limits. A review of available sources identified the following exposures: LDLo, LD50 (mouse, rat) for inhalation, intraperitoneal, intravenous, and oral routes. Toxicity data were selected according to type of exposure, species, and route based on the hierarchies stated in Sections 3.6.2, 3.6.3, 3.6.4, and factors in Tables 3.2, 3.3, and 3.4. Of the data found, the human oral LDLo was both the most preferred and conservative toxicity exposure and it was selected as the TEEL-3 basis. TEEL-2 and TEEL-1 were derived from this TEEL-3 value, according to Table 3.5.
• TEEL-1 = TEEL-2/11
• TEEL-2 = TEEL-3/6
• TEEL-3 = Human (male) Oral LDLo (0.1-1 µg/kg, low end of range used)
This review generated TEEL values inconsistent with those of Rev. 29A due to a different toxicity exposure basis. This appears to be due to an error converting the previous basis from µg/kg to mg/kg. The current TEEL basis is the most preferred species and lowest identified toxicity identified during research.
• TEEL-1 = TEEL-2/11
• TEEL-2 = TEEL-3/6
• TEEL-3 = Human (male) Oral LDLo (0.1-1 µg/kg, low end of range used)
This review generated TEEL values inconsistent with those of Rev. 29A due to a different toxicity exposure basis. This appears to be due to an error converting the previous basis from µg/kg to mg/kg. The current TEEL basis is the most preferred species and lowest identified toxicity identified during research.
References
https://journals.lww.com/md-journal/Fulltext/2017/07070/Acute_abrin_poisoning_treated_with_continuous.45.aspx
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ershdb/emergencyresponsecard_29750000.html
Mouse intravenous LD50: Gill DM (1982). "Bacterial toxins: a table of lethal amounts". Microbiological Reviews. 46 (1): 86–94. https://doi.org/10.1128/mr.46.1.86-94.1982
Rat intraperitoneal LD50: Ernest Hodgson, Chapter Fourteen - Toxins and Venoms, Editor(s): Ernest Hodgson, Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science, Academic Press, Volume 112, 2012, Pages 373-415, ISBN 9780124158139, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-415813-9.00014-3.
Rat inhalation LD50 (reported in mg/kg, not a concentration): Journal of Analytical Toxicology, Vol. 33, March 2009, pg. 77-84. https://doi.org/10.1093/jat/33.2.77
Rat inhalation LD50 (reported as µg/kg 8-minute exposure, not a concentration): https://nrt.org/sites/2/files/NRT%20CBRN%20BIO%20Ricin%20Abrin%20QRG_%20FINAL%202020%2005%2005.pdf
Human (assumed male) oral LDLo: Dickers, K.J., Bradberry, S.M., Rice, P. et al. Abrin Poisoning. Toxicol Rev 22, 137–142 (2003). https://doi.org/10.2165/00139709-200322030-00002
Mouse oral LD50 (20 µg/mg): Toxicon., 9(97), 1971 [PMID:5576548]; via PubChem: National Center for Biotechnology Information (2023). PubChem Substance Record for SID 135301402, Abrin, Source: ChemIDplus. Retrieved from https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/substance/135301402